Almost all plants have dozens, if not hundreds of Confined Spaces. There are three criteria for a Confined Space:

1. Space is big enough to enter and do work.
2. There is limited means of exit and entrance.
3. It is not intended for continuous occupancy.

Once classified as a Confined Space you must then determine if it requires a permit to enter. This determination is based on whether:

1. The space has a hazardous, toxic or asphyxiating atmosphere.
2. There is an engulfment potential (i.e., a sewer could flood and drown you).
3. There is a potential for serious safety hazard (for example, propellers start turning). Having a LOTO program, itself, does not satisfy this criteria.
4. There is a danger of entrapment (for example, a chute or a catacomb).

For more information on confined spaces see the OSHA regulations 1910.146.